Likely this is a protocol mismatch. AD0505C0 speaks Cyphal/Telega v1 by default, while ArduPilot Orange Cube expects DroneCAN, so the ESC will stay silent on that bus.
Quick path to make it work with Cube:
Connect via Yukon and flash Telega v0 (DroneCAN).
After reboot, assign a unique node-ID and verify the ESC appears in DroneCAN GUI.
Keep one CAN bus speed everywhere (typically 1 Mbit/s) and exactly two 120-ohm terminations on the whole bus.
Power check: CAN-H/CAN-L + common GND with FC; if using separate power, share ground (you already do) and verify CAN polarity.
Once on Telega v0, the ESC should enumerate normally in ArduPilot. If it still does not, share a screenshot from DroneCAN GUI node list and we can pinpoint the bus issue quickly.